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The Vedas
The oldest Hindu scriptures — sacred hymns, rituals and teachings.
Sacred texts
Meaning
The four Vedas — Rig, Sama, Yajur and Atharva — are ancient sacred hymns and ritual texts, regarded by many Hindus as shruti (revealed knowledge). Each has hymns (Samhitas), ritual explanations (Brahmanas), forest texts (Aranyakas) and philosophical teachings (Upanishads).
Vedic mantras are still recited in many ceremonies, including weddings, Upanayana and havan.
Planning this ceremony?
- Ask your family priest which steps your tradition follows.
- Get the exact materials list and total fee in writing.
- Keep lamps, fire and food safe for children and elders.
Practices vary by region, sampradaya, community and family. General information only. Last reviewed October 2026.