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The Upanishads
Philosophical explorations of the self and ultimate reality.
Sacred texts
Meaning
The Upanishads explore the relationship between atman (the self) and Brahman (ultimate reality). Teachings such as “Tat tvam asi” (“you are that”) underpin much of Vedanta philosophy.
The principal Upanishads include the Isha, Kena, Katha, Mundaka, Mandukya, Chandogya and Brihadaranyaka.
Planning this ceremony?
- Ask your family priest which steps your tradition follows.
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- Keep lamps, fire and food safe for children and elders.
Practices vary by region, sampradaya, community and family. General information only. Last reviewed October 2026.