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Wedding rituals — Baraat, Varmala & the wedding puja
The arrival, the exchange of garlands and the main ceremony.
Engagement & marriage
Meaning
In many North Indian weddings the groom’s party arrives in a Baraat with music and is welcomed by the bride’s family before the couple exchange garlands (Varmala or Jaimala). The main wedding puja follows at the mandap.
How it is usually done
- The groom’s party arrives and is welcomed; an aarti may be performed.
- The couple exchange flower garlands.
- The priest prepares the mandap, often with a sacred fire.
- Ganesh Puja and sankalpa begin the ceremony.
- Kanyadaan, where observed — the parents bless and entrust their daughter’s hand.
- Panigrahana — the couple join hands.
- Havan and Agni rites, with offerings to the sacred fire.
- Mangalsutra and sindoor, where customary.
- Saptapadi and pheras around the fire.
- Elders and guests bless the couple.
Good to know
These customs are common in many regions but are not universal; the officiant should supply the exact sequence for your tradition.
Planning this ceremony?
- Ask your family priest which steps your tradition follows.
- Get the exact materials list and total fee in writing.
- Keep lamps, fire and food safe for children and elders.
Practices vary by region, sampradaya, community and family. General information only. Last reviewed October 2026.
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